History of Atomic Theory

[Democritus:] Everything was composed of atoms, which moved stochasticly in a vacuum, in a void. They collided into each other by chance. This was the absolute negation of Aristotles appraisal that everything had a purpose as divinely ordained [the scheme of the quatern Elements]. Dr. Hugh Salzburg Chemistry Historian The idea that matter is composed of atoms goes bet on to the Greek philosophers, notably Democritus, and has never since been entirely lost sketch of, though there have been periods when alternative views were more for the most part preferred. Newtons contemporaries, Robert Hooke and Robert Boyle, in particular, were atomists, but their interpretation of the sensation of heat as random motion of atoms was overshadowed for more than a century by the supposition of heat as a subtle smooth dubbed caloric. It is a tribute to the strength of caloric theory that it enab nurse the French scientist Sadi Carnot to hail at his great discoveries in thermodynamics. In t he end, however, the numerical rules for the chemic combination of different simple substances, in concert with the experiments on the novelty of work into heat by gum benzoin Thompson (Count Rumford) and James Prescott Joule, led to the downfall of the theory of caloric.

Nevertheless, the rise of ethyl ether theories to explain the contagious disease of light and electromagnetic forces by means of apparently empty stead postponed for many decades the general reacceptance of the invention of atoms. The discovery in 1858 by the German scientist and philosopher Hermann von Helmholtz of the permanence of maelstr om motions in perfectly inviscid fluids enc! ourage the invention--throughout the latter half of the nineteenth century and especially in Great Britain--of models in which vortices in a structureless ether vie the part otherwise depute to atoms. In recent geezerhood the recognition that certain localised disturbances in a fluid, the questionable solitary waves, might persist... If you destiny to get a generous essay, order it on our website: BestEssayCheap.com

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